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In Germany a doctor in medicine has to write a dissertation subject to a specific topic that deepens scientific understanding. Having a few articles in science magazines is also usual.
In Germany there are also two words, “Doktor” (the academic title) and “Arzt” (a medical professional). If your “Arzt” hasn’t published a dissertation, you technically shouldn’t be calling them “Doctor”, but “Herr“/“Frau” <surname>. Very few people care about this distinction, though.
Where did you get that idea? In Germany the average medical student(!) writes a dissertation that’s at most comparable to a masters thesis in other natural sciences… And all of that within a time frame of 6 months. Many don’t even bother with that any more.
Of course, there are also medical students that go into research and really deepen scientific understanding. But that’s by far the exception.
I have quite a few friends that studied medicine and are now working as “Facharzt” in hospitals. All said they needed to have 4 published articles as author’s or co author’s plus a dissertation just to start the journey of becoming specialized doctors. Their degree was after they defended their dissertations.
Thats really interesting - thanks!