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I mean it’s fairly straightforward when considering if “uncontrolled outdoor access” has dangers and harms to the cats
But if you’re not willing to take their word for it, there’s other people talking about those dangers too
https://www.orangecountync.gov/1331/Safety-concerns-for-free-roaming-cats
https://www.avma.org/resources-tools/avma-policies/free-roaming-owned-cats
https://stories.tamu.edu/news/2023/10/19/how-free-roaming-cats-impact-wildlife-disease-transmission/
And so on and so on.