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FWIW, Debian 12 now includes non-free firmware in the installation media by default and will install whatever is necessary.
I agree that the Debian website has its weaknesses, but beyond finding the right installer (usually netinst ISO a.k.a small installation image on https://www.debian.org/distrib/) there isn’t much of a learning curve. I started out with Ubuntu too, but finally decided that enough was enough when snap started breaking my stuff on desktop.
The inclusion of non-free by default was what was unclear to me from the website. Knowing that now, I’ll likely give Debian a spin next time I need an install.